Loading subjects
Organic Chemistry · Part 2 of 3
18 exam-style questions with model answers, plus 24 quick multi-choice questions — every question on this part of the standard, grouped by the 6 pages of notes they come from.
Write a full answer before you reveal the model one. That comparison is where the learning happens.
Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane, C3H8.
Methane and chlorine are mixed. Explain what happens, giving the conditions, an equation and the type of reaction.
A student has two unlabelled bottles, one containing hexane and one containing hex-1-ene. Both are colourless liquids. Explain in detail how bromine could be used to distinguish them, including what is observed, the type of reaction in each case, and why the conditions matter.
Name the product and the reaction type when ethene reacts with hydrogen over a platinum catalyst.
Write an equation for the reaction of ethene with bromine and explain why it is classified as an addition reaction.
Ethanol can be made industrially from ethene. Describe the reaction, give the equation and conditions, and compare this route with making bromoethane from the same starting material — explaining what the two reactions have in common and how their products differ in family and reactivity.
Describe the colour change seen when bromine water is added to an alkene, and state what this shows.
Explain why an alkene decolourises bromine water but an alkane does not.
A student tests an unknown hydrocarbon with bromine water in bright sunlight and reports that it slowly turned colourless over several minutes, concluding the compound is an alkene. Evaluate this conclusion and describe how the experiment should be improved.
State Markovnikov's rule.
Propene reacts with HBr. Give the structural formulae and names of both products, and identify which is the major product.
A chemist wants to prepare propan-1-amine from propene in two steps. Identify the two reactions, explain which product of the first step is needed and whether it is the major or minor product, and comment on what this means for the yield.
State the colour change when acidified permanganate is added to an alkene, and name the type of product formed.
Ethene is shaken with cold dilute acidified permanganate. Give the equation, name the product, and explain why this can be used as a test for unsaturation.
Compare the reaction of propene with bromine water and with cold dilute acidified permanganate. For each, give the product, the observation and the reaction type, and explain why neither reaction produces a major and a minor product even though propene is asymmetric.
Name the polymer formed from ethene and state the type of polymerisation.
Draw the repeat unit of poly(propene) and explain why the reaction is described as addition polymerisation.
A section of a polymer chain is drawn as –CH2–CHCl–CH2–CHCl–CH2–CHCl–. Deduce the repeat unit and the monomer, name both the monomer and the polymer, and explain how you can tell this polymer was made by addition rather than by any process in which a small molecule is lost.